![]() ![]() It is commonly known that nectar and pollen grains are the main sources of nutrients required for the survival and health of bee colonies. Furthermore, we intended to unveil for the first time the proposed mechanism of action and the involved biomolecular pathways of the various bioactive compounds of bee pollen that are responsible for the improvement of oxidative stress and associated health conditions. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of bee pollen in terms of bee pollen harvesting, chemical and nutritional content, and, finally, its biological and therapeutic characteristics. As a result of all of this, the German Federal Ministry of Health has formally acknowledged bee pollen as a drug. ![]() Because of this high load of natural bioactive molecules, various scientific studies have reported that bee pollen possesses a wide spectrum of biological properties such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer. Furthermore, bee pollen is known as “the perfectly complete food” due to its strong antioxidant potential and the presence of antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, and vitamins (A, C, and E) giving this product a high antioxidant potential and making it the latest trend in dietary supplements. It is among the most important bee products gaining popularity as a functional food due to its high concentration of bioactive compounds known for their benefits for both mental and physical health, such as proteins, dietary fibers, lipids, carbohydrates, and minerals. ![]() Bee pollen is the final result of the agglutination of pollen grains harvested by worker bees, held together by nectar and/or honey, and gland secretions, and collected at the hive entrance. It is produced and spread by higher plants as part of their reproductive process. The pollen grain is the male flower’s reproductive organ in other words, it carries the organ that carries the male gametes to their progenitor cells. ![]()
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